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Dor musculoesquelética em enfermeiros atuantes na atenção primária à saúde
(Asociación Nacional de Psicología Evolutiva y Educativa de la Infancia, Adolescencia y Mayores, 2024) Tamborini, Marcilene Marques de Freitas; Kleibert, Karine Raquel Uhdich; Tamborini, Jonathan; Goulart, Ana Paula Alves; Colet, Christiane de Fátima; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Brasil
; Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUÍ). Brasil
Introduction: stands out among the professions most susceptible to the risk of developing physical symptoms, being vulnerable to the symptom of pain, as its work process involves a routine with work overload, interpersonal conflicts, high demand and low social support. Objective: to identify the occurrence of musculoskeletal pain in Primary Health Care nurses. Method: cross-sectional quantitative study, carried out in southern Brazil, between June 2021 and February 2022. Sample of 21 nurses, using a questionnaire related to pain and symptoms musculoskeletal. Data analyzed with descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: 20 (95.2%) of nurses reported pain of varying intensity, in different anatomical regions in the last year. Of these, 8 (38%) stated that they were unable to carry out dailyactivities. And, 10 (47.3%)sought professional help for treatment. Regarding pain intensity: 66.6% ratedtheir pain as moderate and 14.2% as intense. The greatest pain complaints were associated with age group (p 0.026); and considering the current health status as regular was associated with pain in the wrists/hands (p 0.047), neck (p 0.045); and shoulders (p 0.019); not having time for leisure was associated with lower back pain (p 0.045). Conclusion: PHC nurses feel musculoskeletal pain in different anatomical regions and with varying intensity. And, this pain is associated with risk factors inherent to the work process. The most affected areas were the shoulders, neck and upper back. It was found that age and perception of health status as regular were associated with greater pain complaints. Considering that pain constitutes a problem that can directly affect the quality of life and care of these professionals, the importance of designing strategies aimed at reducing the factors that favor pain in the work environment of these professionals is highlighted.
Experimental and numerical analyses of the hemodynamics impact on real intracranial aneurysms: a particle tracking approach
(Elsevier, 2024) Souza, Andrews; Lopes, Diogo; Souza, S.; Ribeiro, João; Lima, Rui Alberto; Ferrera Llera, Conrado; Universidad de Extremadura. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Energética y de los Materiales; Universidade do Minho. Portugal; Universidade do Porto. Portugal; Universidad de Extremadura. Instituto de Computación Científica Avanzada (ICCAEx); Instituto Politécnico de Bragança. Portugal
This study investigates the impact of hemodynamics on real intracranial aneurysms (IAs) using experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. A particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) approach was used to study the vortical structures inside a real aneurysm and validate numerical simulations performed at a steady regime for different flow rates. Moreover, this and two additional patient-specific cases have been numerically analyzed, focusing on flow patterns, wall shear stress (WSS), relative residence time (RRT), and oscillatory shear index (OSI) for transient studies. For the transient simulations, vorticity profiles indicated significant rotation of fluid particles in the neck and outlet arteries. TAWSS analysis revealed high WSS values in the bifurcation zone, neck, and middle cerebral artery (MCA), with variations among the patients. OSI and RRT plots provided insights into disturbed flow patterns, low or oscillatory WSS areas, and regions with prolonged residence time. This study shows great potential for combining PTV and CFD to obtain detailed insights into flow structures in aneurysms, which are crucial to developing effective treatments and interventions for IA management.
Global stability analysis of hydrodynamic focusing in the presence of a soluble surfactant
(Cambridge University Press, 2024) Rubio Chaves, Manuel Ángel; Cabezas Martín, María Guadalupe; Montanero Fernández, José María; Herrada Gutiérrez, Miguel Ángel; Universidad de Extremadura. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Energética y de los Materiales; Universidad de Valladolid; Universidad de Extremadura. Instituto de Computación Científica Avanzada (ICCAEx); Universidad de Sevilla
We numerically study the influence of a soluble surfactant on the microjetting mode of the liquid–liquid flow focusing configuration. The surfactant adsorbs on the interface next to the feeding capillary and accumulates in front of the emitted jet, significantly lowering the surface tension there. The resulting Marangoni stress substantially alters the balance of the tangential stresses at the interface but does not modify the interface velocity. The global stability analysis at the minimum flow rate stability limit shows that the Marangoni stress collaborates with soluto-capillarity to stabilize the microjetting mode. Our analysis unveils the noticeable effect of the Marangoni stress associated with the surface tension perturbation. Surfactant diffusion and desorption hardly affect the stability limit. Transient numerical simulations show how subcritical and supercritical base flows respond to a spatially localized initial perturbation. Our parametric study indicates that the minimum flow rate ratio depends on the adsorption constant and the surfactant concentration through the product of these two variables. The surfactant stabilizing effect increases with the outer stream flow rate. We show that surfactants not only stabilize the microemulsion resulting from the jet breakup in hydrodynamic focusing, but also allow for the reduction of droplet size. Our findings advance the fundamental understanding of the complex role of surfactants in tip streaming via hydrodynamic focusing. In particular, our results contradict the common assumption that adding surfactant favours tip streaming simply because it reduces the meniscus tip surface tension.
Analysis of the installed productive capacity in a medical angiography room through discrete event simulation
(MDPI, 2020) Badilla Murillo, Félix Enrique; Vargas Vargas, Bernal; Víquez Acuña, Óscar; García Sanz-Calcedo, Justo; Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Costa Rica; Universidad de Extremadura. Departamento de Expresión Gráfica
The installed productive capacity of a healthcare center’s equipment limits the efficient use of its resources. This paper, therefore, analyzes the installed productive capacity of a hospital angiography room and how to optimize patient demand. For this purpose, a Discrete Event Simulation (DES) model based on historical variables from the current system was created using computer software. The authors analyzed 2044 procedures performed between 2014 and 2015 in a hospital in San José, Costa Rica. The model was statistically validated to determine that it does not significantly differ from the current system, considering the DMAIC stages for continuous process improvement. In the current scenario, resource utilization is 0.99, and the waiting list increases every month. The results showed that the current capacity of the service could be doubled, and that resource utilization could be reduced to 0.64 and waiting times by 94%. An increase in service efficiency could be achieved by shortening maximum waiting times from 6.75 days to 3.70 h. DES simulation, therefore, allows optimizing of the use of healthcare systems’ resources and hospital management.
Competitiveness versus cooperativeness linked to leisure activities in young university students in Spain
(2025) García Galán, María del Mar; Nevado Bulnes, Ana M.; Merino Fernández, Jaime María; Román García, Ángel Carlos; Universidad de Extremadura. Departamento de Dirección de Empresas y Sociología; Centro de Salud Almaraz. Cáceres; Universidad de Extremadura. Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Genética
Leisure activities promote people interaction, improving relationships. Young people live in a process of psychological and physiological development, and competitiveness and cooperativeness, two elements of analysis in social relations, are important among young people who are shaping their social development. To explore the relationship among leisure interest and self-consideration of competitiveness and cooperativeness of young university students, we performed a survey using a designed and validated questionnaire containing statements for students to indicate their interest in leisure activities. Data were statistically processed using ad hoc scripts, Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated, and P-values were obtained from paired individual data, using a t-distribution with N-2 degrees of freedom. We found that interest in board games, videogames, sport, and music listening is high for the majority of the students, in contrast with interest of reading. Students interested in board games have some interest in video games and reading, without any correlation with sports and a negative correlation with music. The high interest shown correlates well with a high consideration of being a competitive and a cooperative person but with a distinguishable concentration on higher values for cooperativeness than for competitiveness.