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Redox regulation and glucose metabolism in the stallion spermatozoa
(MDPI, 2025) Peña Vega, Fernando Juan; Martín Cano, Francisco Eduardo; Becerro Rey, Laura; Álvarez, Eva Da Silva ; Gaitskell Phillips, Gemma; Aparicio Donoso, Inés María; Gil Anaya, María Cruz; Ortega Ferrusola, Cristina; Universidad de Extremadura. Departamento de Medicina Animal; Universidad de Extremadura. Hospital Clínico Veterinario
Stallion spermatozoa are cells which exhibit intense metabolic activity, where oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria is the primary ATP generator. However, metabolism must be viewed as a highly interconnected network of oxidation–reduction reactions that generate the energy necessary for life. An unavoidable side effect of metabolism is the generation of reactive oxygen species, leading to the evolution of sophisticated mechanisms to maintain redox homeostasis. In this paper, we provide an updated overview of glucose metabolism in stallion spermatozoa, highlighting recent evidence on the role of aerobic glycolysis in these cells, and the existence of an intracellular lactate shuttle that may help to explain the particular metabolism of the stallion spermatozoa in the context of their redox regulation.
Análisis descriptivo de los turistas deportivos en España
(Universidad de Huelva, 2022) Rojo Ramos, Jorge; Gómez Paniagua, Santiago; Martín Carmona, Rubén; Vega Muñoz, Alejandro; Manzano Redondo, Fernando; González Becerra, María José; Adsuar Sala, José Carmelo; Morenas Martín, Jesús; Universidad de Extremadura. Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal; Universidad Autónoma de Chile
; Universidad de Extremadura. Grupo de Investigación Social Impact and Innovation In Health (InHEALTH); Universidad de Extremadura. Grupo de investigación Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO); Universidad de Extremadura. Grupo de Investigación Biomecánica del movimiento humano y de ergonomía (BioErgon)
El turismo deportivo es un factor decisivo en la movilidad geográfica con fines de ocio. Estas actividades conllevan ciertos actos y consecuencias inherentes a su ejecución, que son dignos de estudio desde la perspectiva del turismo sostenible y razonable. Estudios anteriores trataron de mostrar las características de este tipo de turista pero no aportaron información relevante para ofrecer los servicios necesarios a prestar, para conocer sus patrones de hábitos y poder actuar correctamente. Este trabajo pretende es-tudiar el perfi l del consumidor de turismo deportivo. Se han analizado los datos proporcionados por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística para el año 2019, tomando una muestra de 1496 personas para su análi-sis estadístico. De estos análisis estadísticos se puede extraer información clave sobre el perfil del con-sumidor. Los resultados mostraron que predominan las personas con nacionalidad española, existiendo una proporción mayor de hombres que de mujeres. De ambos sexos se desprende que son mayores de 40 años, con estudios superiores, mayoritariamente casados, con convivencia en pareja y con hijos en el hogar, con contratos laborales indefinidos y con ciertas pautas de comportamiento como el uso de su coche particular, y alojándose principalmente en hoteles o apartahoteles. Por lo tanto, desde el punto de vista del turismo sostenible, es vital elaborar perfiles y patrones de los consumidores de este turismo, para evaluar y estudiar su impacto ecológico, ambiental y social, así como tomar las medidas aptas para equilibrar la balanza entre el turismo deportivo y la sostenibilidad.
Effectiveness of a Nutritional Intervention in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure at Risk of Malnutrition: A Prespecified Subanalysis of the PACMAN-HF Trial
(MDPI, 2025) Ortiz Cortés, Carolina; Rey Sánchez, Purificación; Gómez Turégano, Paula; Bover Freire, Ramón; Calderón García, Julián Fernando; Gómez Barrado, José Javier; Rico Martín, Sergio; Universidad de Extremadura. Departamento de Enfermería; Universidad de Extremadura. Grupo de investigación en enfermedades metabólicas óseas (GIEMO); Universidad de extremadura. Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares; Universidad de Extremadura. Grupo de estudio de enfermedades vasculares
Background and objectives: Nutritional disorders are common in patients with heart failure (HF) and are associated with reduced functional capacity and poor prognosis. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic, nutritional and functional impact of a structured nutritional intervention in patients with chronic HF at risk of malnutrition. Methods: This is a prespecified subanalysis of the randomized controlled trial Prognostic And Clinical iMpAct of a Nutritional intervention in patients with chronic HF (PACMAN-HF). Ambulatory patients with chronic HF at risk of malnutrition were identified using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire and randomized to receive either an individualised nutritional intervention (intervention group) or standard care (control group). We evaluated the frequency of malnutrition risk and the impact of the intervention on clinical outcomes, defined as a composite of all-cause mortality or time to first HF hospitalisation, as well as nutritional status and functional capacity at 3- and 12-month follow-ups. Results: A total of 225 patients were screened. Of these, 72 (32%) were identified as being at risk of malnutrition and 64 (28.4%) met the inclusion criteria and were randomized (31 in the intervention group and 33 in the control group). There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of all-cause mortality or time to first HF hospitalisation (HR = 0.34 [0.11–1.09]; p = 0.072). At 12 months, the intervention group demonstrated a significant improvement in functional capacity, with an increase of 31.3 metres in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) (p = 0.002), whereas no significant change was observed in the control group. Nutritional status improved significantly in the intervention group (MNA score +4.12, p < 0.001) and declined in the control group (−1.15, p = 0.029). At 12 months, body mass index, tricipital skinfold thickness, arm circumference, and serum albumin levels increased in the intervention group. Conclusions: A structured and individualised nutritional intervention significantly improved nutritional status and functional capacity over 12 months, although it did not impact major clinical outcomes.
Reimagining stallion sperm conservation: Combating carbotoxicity through pyruvate-induced Warburg effect to enhance sperm longevity and function
(Elsevier, 2024) Peña Vega, Fernando Juan; Martín Cano, Francisco Eduardo; Becerro Rey, Laura; Álvarez, Eva Da Silva ; Gaitskell Phillips, Gemma; Ortega Ferrusola, Cristina; Aparicio Donoso, Inés María; Gil Anaya, María Cruz; Universidad de Extremadura. Departamento de Medicina Animal; Universidad de Extremadura. Hospital Clínico Veterinario
Although stallion spermatozoa are now recognized as highly dependent on oxidative phosphorylation for ATP production in the mitochondria, most extenders in use contain supraphysiological concentrations of glucose as the main energy source. While the toxicity of cryoprotectants has been well documented in the literature, the potential toxicity of excessive glucose in extenders is largely ignored. However, the toxicity of excess glucose, known as “carbotoxicity”, is well-established in many areas of medicine. In this paper, we review the basic aspects of stallion spermatozoa metabolism, focusing on factors that significantly impact the lifespan and functionality of spermatozoa during conservation.
Antioxidant activity of aqueous extracts obtained from by-products of grape, olive, tomato, lemon, red pepper and pomegranate
(MDPI, 2024) Timón Andrada, María Luisa; Andrés Nieto, Ana Isabel; Petrón Testón, María Jesús; Universidad de Extremadura. Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencias de los Alimentos
The aim of this work was to study the antioxidant potential of aqueous extracts obtained from different by-products. The effectiveness of these extracts was compared with that of rosemary extract. Total phenol carotenoid and vitamin C contents, as well as in vitro antioxidant activity, were assessed. Phenol content was positively correlated with in vitro antioxidant activity in extracts, while carotenoids showed a less clear relationship. Vitamin C was associated with antioxidant activity in lemon and pepper pomace extracts. Extracts from olive, grape, and lemon by-products displayed the highest antioxidant activity (radical scavenging activity), this being similar to the activity of rosemary extracts. Moreover, the phenolic profile of the extracts was analyzed, revealing diverse phenolic compounds. Rosemary extracts contained the highest variety and quantity of phenolic compounds, while olive pomace extracts were rich in hydroxytyrosol and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Lemon and pepper extracts contained high amounts of tyrosol, and tomato extracts had abundant epicatechin. The PCA analysis distinguished extracts based on in vitro antioxidant activity, phenol, carotenoid, and vitamin C content, along with their phenolic compound profiles. This study emphasizes the capacity of aqueous extract by-products as valuable sources of antioxidants and highlights the importance of understanding their bioactive components.