Trabajar presencialmente y en el aula el patrimonio natural y cultural. El Museo Vostell Malpartida y el monumento natural de los barruevos como modelo interdisciplinar e intertextual

Abstract

El trabajo de Fin de Grado que se muestra a lo largo de estas páginas pretende mostrar la importancia de la atención a los niños en el campo de la museología. Para ello, deben ser atendidos con material apropiado a su edad y a sus necesidades. Está centrado en el Museo Vostell Malpartida y Los Barruecos, la investigación se ha realizado con alumnos de entre 8 y 9 años, concretamente 27 alumnos. El objetivo principal es diseñar actividades para la mejora de la comprensión de las obras de arte y aprovechamiento de las visitas a estos espacios. Además, se desarrollan una serie de actividades que se ocupan de la comprensión de obras concretas, así como de diferentes conceptos vinculados al arte, el interés de los niños para su posterior visita al museo y la necesidad de actividades enfocadas a estos pequeños visitantes. Las actividades, siguen una metodología constructivista, pues, los niños han participado de forma activa y han sido autores de los conocimientos. Centrándonos en las actividades, en muchas ocasiones el ingenio, la imaginación y la motivación con la que contaban los niños hace que los resultados sean mucho más productivos y completos a lo esperado antes de la puesta en práctica. Por último, los resultados de las actividades, la hipótesis del trabajo: la realización de actividades previas a la visita de un museo cuyo objetivo principal es la enseñanza e introducción al pensamiento histórico y artístico mejora la comprensión del arte allí mostrado, han sido contrastadas tras el estudio llevado a cabo.

The work of End of Degree that is shown throughout these pages pretends to show the importance of the attention to the children in the field of the museology. To do this they must be cared for adequately and with material appropriate to their age and needs. The place where the work is placed is the “Museum Vostell” Malpartida and the natural monument “Los Barruecos”, both belonging to Malpartida de Cáceres, a small town of Cáceres. The research was carried out with students between the ages of 8 and 9 years, specifically 27 students belonging to the third elementary school. The main objective of the work is to design activities so that the student improves the understanding of the works of art and takes advantage of more effective way his visits to this type of spaces. Once this has been worked on, a series of activities are developed which deal with the understanding of concrete works, as well as different concepts related to art, the attraction of children for their subsequent visit to the museum and the need for activities focused on these small visitors inside and outside of them. The concrete methodology that all activities follow, it could be said, is constructivist. The effect of the present study has been quite positive in terms of results, since these reflect that the objectives have been achieved. In addition, focusing on the activities, have given a little more than expected of these that is, on many occasions the ingenuity, imagination and motivation that counted the children who have participated in this research have allowed the results were much more productive and complete than expected before implementation. As a conclusion, I consider that the work is achieved in terms of the objectives it pursues, the children come to the museum and understand the works that we find in it and the natural heritage of “Los Barruecos”. Finally, to add that in my view, the hypothesis of the work, "carrying out activities prior to the visit of a museum whose main objective is the teaching and introduction to historical and artistic thought improves the understanding of the art there shown", has been verified after the study carried out.